The FWC Announcement

The Fair Work Commission (FWC) announced today that the minimum wage will rise by 3.5% to $24.94 an hour or $922 per week for the 2025/26 financial year.

This 3.5% increase will also apply to all payrates outlined in Modern Awards.

The pay increase will be effective, and binding on all employers, from 1 July 2025.

In determining the pay increase, the FWC noted that they attempted to make up for real wage cuts during the pandemic, particularly in light of lessening inflationary pressures.

 

What you need to do

As a business, you should ensure that your payroll and salaries comply with this pay increase. Therefore, from 1 July 2025, you will need to apply this pay increase to all employees paid on Award rates or minimum wage. It is therefore a timely reminder to engage in a payroll audit to ensure compliance with all applicable Award rates.

Should you fail to implement this pay increase, there is a real risk of an underpayment claim made against you, as well as reputational damage that can be detrimental to your business.

 

How can Chamberlains help?

Our Workplace Team at Chamberlains Law Firm have significant experience in guiding business and employers through changes to workplace legislation and regulations.

Contact our Workplace Team on 02 6188 3634 to discuss this pay increase, or to learn more about how we can assist your business.

A person conducting a business or performing an undertaking (“PCBU”) with respect to their business have a ‘primary duty of care’ under the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (NSW) (“WHS Act”). In the case of a corporation, this duty of care extends to its Officers.

This primary duty of care requires a PCBU to ensure the health and safety of all workers in a “reasonably practicable” manner. This obligation further extends to requiring PCBUs to ensure that they do not expose a person to a risk of death, serious injury, or illness.

Who is an ‘Officer’?

Relevantly, an Officer of a solvent company which operates a business includes its directors, company secretaries, or individuals that can make decision that affect a significant part of the business, or its financial standing.

The Court’s latest warning

The recent decision in the New South Wales District Court (“Court”) matter of SafeWork NSW v Miller Logistics Pty Ltd; SafeWork NSW v Mitchell Doble [2024] NSWDC 58 (“Doble Case”), serves as a warning to those who hold a duty of care.

On 4 November 2020, Mr Christopher Herden, a truck driver employed by Zentry Pty Ltd (“Zentry”) was working at a transport depot operated by Miller Logistics (“Miller”) in Tamworth. Mr Herden, was working at the depot, assisting a driver of a B-Double trailer located in the loading and unloading area. Mr Herden was struck in the head by a forklift and suffered serious injuries, including a fractured femur, hip and elbow.

SafeWork brought proceedings against Miller under section X the X Act, claiming that Miller (the PCBU), failed to comply with its primary duty of care by exposing its workers to the risk of death, serious injury, or illness specified.

SafeWork also joined Miller’s Director, Mr Mitchell Doble (“Mr Doble”)  to the proceedings on the basis that he was the relevant Officer of Miller, and he failed to exercise due diligence by failing to, so far as practicable, ensure compliance with the WHS Act.

Ultimately SafeWork was only successful in its claim against Miller

In its reasoning, the Court considered that Miller failed to provide:

  1. A designated loading and unloading zone;
  2. A designated and clearly marked forklift movement zone;
  3. A designated and clearly marked pedestrian exclusion zone; and
  4. A installation of a physical barrier to separate pedestrians

The Court also commented on Miller’s “3-Metre Rule” was far from sufficient, noting that this essentially implied to Miller’s workers to “look out for yourself”.[1]

 

Mr Doble – off the hook?

To succeed in its prosecution of Mr Doble, SafeWork was required to prove the following 4 elements beyond reasonable doubt:

  • There is a corporate PCBU which has a duty or obligation under the WHS Act:
  • The accused individual is an officer of that PCBU;
  • The accused has failed to exercise ‘due diligence’ to ensure that the PCBU complies with that duty or obligation; and
  • The failure to exercise due diligence exposes an individual to a risk of death or serious injury

SafeWork ultimately failed in its prosecution against Mr Doble. It was the 3rd element which came to be SafeWork’s red herring. The Court was not convinced that SafeWork sufficiently proved that Mr Doblefailed to exercise due diligence to ensure that Miller complied with its primary duty of care duty. Instead, the Court believed that Mr Doble exercised due diligence by delegating its responsibilities to Miller’s Compliance Manager, James Hayter (“Mr Hayter”).

Despite Mr Doble being both the Managing Director and Sole Director of Miller, the Court did not consider that this meant he was required to “do everything that the PCBU had to do to ensure safety” and that there was no evidence which suggested that Mr Doble should not have trusted Mr Hayter to comply with his WHS obligations and duties.[2]

 

 

Key Takeaways

The Doble Case clarifies personal liability and its connection between a PCBU and its officers with respect to managing and complying with WHS standards. The Doble Case acts as a stern reminder to PCBUs of the importance of robust and sufficient resources and procedures which make all the difference in minimizing WHS issues and protecting your business from liability.

Our team of Workplace Law experts at Chamberlains Law Firm can save you the headache and assist your business with navigating all applicable obligations under the WHS Act. From the preparation of policies to conducting workplace WHS risk assessments and providing your business with ongoing support and advice, our team can do it all.

Contact Chamberlains Law Firm today to learn more about how we can assist you.

[1] at [239].

[2] [264]

Chamberlains Law Firm are currently assisting in investigations related to serious allegations of physical and sexual abuse at Merriwa Central School in NSW. We are urging any individuals who may have witnessed incidents of abuse, or who have information that could assist in these investigations, to come forward.

Your voice is crucial in ensuring that those responsible are held accountable.

We understand that speaking out about sensitive matters like this can be difficult, but your information may make a significant difference in providing closure and support to those affected.

If you are a current or former student, staff member, or have any information related to the situation, we encourage you to reach out in confidence. Your involvement may be instrumental in creating a safer and more supportive environment for everyone.

At Chamberlain Law Firm, we are committed to providing legal support to victims of abuse. Our team has extensive experience in handling sensitive cases, and we are here to ensure your rights are protected. Please don’t hesitate to contact us if you have information that could assist.

When making an employee redundant, employers are obligated to satisfy the ‘genuine redundancy’ benchmark imposed by section 389 of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth). A failure to meet this requirement may render the redundancy as ‘not genuine’ and may expose an employer to an unfair dismissal claim. Learn more about the criteria of a ‘genuine redundancy’ here: Making a role redundant? Here’s what you need to look out for.

Commonly, when seeking to downsize their workforce, an employer may wish to reduce the number of staff employed in the same position or department.  As such, the employer may undertake an assessment of all relevant employees, taking a range of factors into account i.e. the employee’s skills, performance and capabilities to ultimately determine which employee/s should be made redundant.  However, this assessment can often land employers in hot water if it does not adequately satisfy a ‘genuine redundancy’.

The Fair Work Commission (FWC) has provided employers with further clarity on what factors are lawful considerations for determining a ‘genuine redundancy’ in the decision of Qian Tang v Hisense Australia Pty Ltd [2024] FWC 2259. In this case, Qian Tang (the Applicant) was made redundant and subsequently made an unfair dismissal claim on the basis that the Applicant’s dismissal was not a genuine redundancy. The Applicant was employed by Hisense Australia Pty Ltd ((Employer) as a Human Resources (HR) Business Manager. Upon returning from parental leave, the Applicant was informed that the Employer was undergoing structural change and Applicant’s role was no longer required. As an alternative to the proposed redundancy, the Employer offered the Applicant redeployment in a casual position. However, the Applicant declined the proposal, stating that the proposed redundancy does not ‘align with genuine redundancy criteria’. The Applicant claimed that she was targeted, having recently become a new mother and taken parental leave.

Reasons for Genuine Redundancy:

However, a key consideration for the FWC in this judgment concerned the context of the Employer’s business operations. The Employer noted that the nature of the structural changes involved downsizing the HR Department by reducing the number of HR employees.  As a company situated in China and Australia, the Employer outlined the importance of its Human Resources employees being proficient in both Mandarin and English when interviewing potential candidates. The Employer reported that the Applicant scored the lowest out of the other three (3) Human Resource employees in recruitment experience, communication skills and English proficiency. The FWC Commission accepted evidence from the Employer submitting that the Applicant was “unconfident about her English skills, … rarely held interviews with native English speakers” and “turned down opportunities to interview [native English speaker candidates]”[1].

The FWC accepted that as a Human Resources Business Manager, the Applicant’s lack of proficiency in English and experience with hiring English-speaking candidates was a valid factor which satisfied a genuine redundancy.  The FWC also concluded that the Employer satisfied its obligations to inform the Applicant of the impact of the structural change on her employment and provide a reasonable redeployment opportunity (which the Applicant rejected).  Accordingly, as the Applicant’s redundancy was deemed ‘genuine’, the Employer had lawfully dismissed the Applicant and the Applicant’s claim was dismissed.

Key Takeaways

This case provides much needed clarity as to what factors can be lawfully considered during the redundancy process. However, redundancy processes are rarely straightforward and often complex to navigate with various issues, business objectives and employee rights differing depending on the industrial instrument specific to each employee.

If you are restructuring and considering making any staff redundant, you should obtain legal advice in relation to “genuine redundancies” and the redundancy process to ensure you minimise the risk of an employee having a successful Adverse Action or Unfair Dismissal Claim against your business.

Contact our Workplace Law Team for quality advice you can trust and assistance with implementing robust strategies to protect your business.

[1] Qian Tang v Hisense Australia Pty Ltd [2024] FWC 2259 [23]

Understanding Binding Financial Agreements in Family Law

A Binding Financial Agreement (BFA) is a legally enforceable contract under the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) that allows married couples and those in de facto relationships to determine how their financial resources, property division, and liabilities will be handled in the event of separation or divorce cases. Family lawyers and divorce lawyers often recommend financial agreements as a means to secure financial certainty and prevent property disputes.

Types of Binding Financial Agreements in NSW

Binding Financial Agreements (BFAs) can be established at various stages of a relationship, ensuring financial clarity and legal certainty for both parties. These agreements provide a structured approach to managing assets, liabilities, and spousal maintenance, ultimately reducing the likelihood of costly disputes. Seeking guidance from leading family law firms and experienced family lawyers can help ensure that such agreements are legally enforceable and align with family law requirements.

Before Marriage or Cohabitation (Prenuptial Agreement)

A “pre-nup” is a commonly known term to describe a binding financial agreement that is signed before marriage or cohabitation. It allows couples to predefine how their finances will be managed throughout their relationship and in the event of separation. Engaging with Chamberlains family lawyers in Sydney supports the development of sound “pre-nup” agreements.

Who Might Need a Prenuptial Agreement?

Individuals with Significant Pre-Existing Assets

If one partner owns real estate, businesses, investments, or high-value assets, a binding financial agreement can protect these from being subject to property division in the event of separation.

Example: A business owner who built a successful company before marriage can use a BFA to prevent their former partner from claiming an interest in the business upon separation.

People with Family Wealth or Inheritance Concerns

A financial agreement can safeguard inheritances, trusts, or family assets from being shared in a divorce. Our family lawyers in Sydney frequently assist in structuring such agreements in a cost-effective manner.

Example: A person expecting a large inheritance from their parents may want a pre-nup to ensure it remains separate from property settlement negotiations under family law. Our accredited family law specialists can provide the right strategy to protect these assets.

Those Entering a Second Marriage or Blended Family Situations

Individuals with children from a previous relationship may want to ensure their assets are preserved for their children’s future. Working with our dedicated family lawyers ensures the agreement upholds the best interests of all involved.

Example: A widowed individual remarrying later in life may use a binding financial agreement to protect their late spouse’s estate for their biological children while ensuring their new marriage remains financially secure. Seeking family law services from a leading family law firm like Chamberlains helps address complex family law matters like these.

One Partner Has Significant Debt

A binding financial agreement can ensure that one partner is not held responsible for the other’s pre-existing debt, such as student loans, business liabilities, or personal loans. Consulting an experienced family lawyer ensures clarity in managing these financial responsibilities moving forward.

Example: If one spouse has a large amount of debt before marriage, a financial agreement can stipulate that the debt remains their sole responsibility. This ensures financial matters are addressed proactively.

During a Marriage or De Facto Relationship

A binding financial agreement can also be signed after marriage or during a de facto relationship, providing ongoing financial clarity and asset protection. Our Sydney family lawyers provide strategic advice around drafting agreements in line with the specific family law issues that apply to your circumstances.

Who Might Need a BFA During Marriage?

Couples Experiencing Financial Growth

If one or both spouses experience a significant increase in wealth due to business success, property investments, or inheritance, a binding financial agreement can define how these assets would be divided if the relationship ends.

Example: A couple marries while neither has significant assets, but later, one spouse builds a multi-million dollar investment portfolio. A leading family law firm can draft a legally enforceable agreement that clarifies asset ownership to avoid property disputes.

Business Owners and Entrepreneurs

A financial agreement can help protect business assets from being split in a divorce settlement, ensuring the continuity of a company. Seeking guidance from our accredited family law specialists ensures protection from legal challenges.

Example: A couple launches a business together, and one partner contributes significantly more capital. A binding financial agreement can specify ownership percentages and financial responsibilities, ensuring clarity in financial arrangements moving forward.

Individuals Who Want to Avoid Future Legal Disputes

By formalising financial expectations while the relationship is strong, couples can reduce emotional and financial stress in the event of separation. Consulting an experienced lawyer ensures that agreements comply with Australian family law.

Example: A couple who purchases property together may use a binding financial agreement to document their individual contributions and ensure a fair division later. This prevents family court intervention.

After Separation or Divorce

A post-separation binding financial agreement can be drafted after a couple has separated but before or after a divorce order is finalised. This type of agreement clarifies financial settlements and prevents disputes from escalating into court hearings.

Who Might Need a BFA After Separation?

Individuals Seeking to Avoid Costly Court Battles

A post-separation financial agreement allows parties to settle legal issues amicably and privately, reducing legal costs. Experienced family lawyers can help draft cost-effective agreements.

Example: A couple divorcing after 15 years of marriage agrees on a property settlement but wants to avoid a lengthy family court battle. A leading family law firm can assist in finalising a legally enforceable resolution.

Couples Who Want to Finalise Property Division Quickly

A binding financial agreement can fast-track property settlements, allowing both parties to move forward with their lives without ongoing financial entanglements.

Example: A separated couple owns multiple properties and wants to divide them efficiently. Consulting our Sydney family lawyers ensures the legal process is handled correctly.

Binding Financial Agreements vs. Court Orders (Consent Orders and Property Settlements)

A Binding Financial Agreement (BFA) is a private contract between two parties that outlines how assets, liabilities, and spousal maintenance will be managed in the event of separation. Unlike Court Orders, a BFA does not require court approval, allowing couples to privately settle their financial affairs.

On the other hand, Consent Orders are legally approved by the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (FCFCOA). These orders must meet the “just and equitable” standard under the Family Law Act 1975, ensuring that financial arrangements are fair for both parties. Because Consent Orders go through a court approval process, they offer stronger legal protection than a BFA.

Key Differences Between BFAs and Court Orders:

  • Legal Enforceability
    • BFAs are legally binding, but they can be challenged if one party fails to disclose assets or if there is evidence of fraud, coercion, or significant unfairness.
    • Consent Orders are court-approved and more difficult to contest, providing a higher level of legal security.
  • Court Involvement
    • BFAs are completely private, with no requirement for court approval.
    • Consent Orders must be reviewed by the family court, ensuring they are fair and legally sound.
  • Flexibility
    • BFAs allow couples to make their own financial arrangements without court interference.
    • Consent Orders provide legal certainty, but the court may require changes if the terms are considered unfair.
  • Risk of Dispute
    • BFAs can be contested or overturned if one party did not receive independent legal advice, or if full financial disclosure was not made.
    • Consent Orders are more difficult to challenge, as they have already been approved by the court.
  • Legal Costs and Timeframe
    • BFAs are generally quicker and less expensive than court orders but still require legal advice from an experienced family lawyer.
    • Consent Orders involve court filing fees and may take longer to finalise, but they provide stronger enforceability.

Who Should Consider a BFA?

  • Couples who want privacy and control over their financial agreements.
  • High-net-worth individuals who wish to protect their assets without court involvement.
  • Business owners seeking greater flexibility in structuring financial agreements.

Who Should Consider Consent Orders?

  • Individuals who want court approval for stronger legal protection.
  • Couples who want certainty that their financial agreement cannot be easily challenged.
  • Those involved in property settlements or spousal maintenance disputes who want a finalised and legally binding resolution.

Example: A business owner who wants to protect their assets from being divided during a divorce may choose a BFA, while a couple who owns multiple properties and wants a court-approved financial settlement may opt for Consent Orders.

BFAs vs. Informal Agreements

Some couples mistakenly believe that a verbal agreement or a written informal agreement is legally binding. However, informal agreements have no legal standing in Australian family law. If one party disagrees with the terms in the future, they can dispute the agreement, forcing the other party into family court proceedings.

A Binding Financial Agreement, on the other hand, is legally enforceable under the Family Law Act 1975, provided both parties have received independent legal advice. This ensures that the agreement is fair and cannot be easily overturned.

Key Differences Between BFAs and Informal Agreements:

  • Legal Enforceability
    • BFAs are legally binding, ensuring certainty and security for both parties.
    • Informal agreements are not legally enforceable, meaning one party could refuse to uphold the terms at any time.
  • Court Approval
    • BFAs do not require court approval but must be drafted in accordance with family law requirements.
    • Informal agreements are not recognised by the court and can be challenged at any time.
  • Risk of Dispute
    • BFAs reduce the risk of future financial disputes, as they legally finalise financial arrangements.
    • Informal agreements are highly risky, as a former partner can later claim a larger share of assets or demand spousal maintenance.
  • Protection Against Future Claims
    • A properly drafted BFA ensures that neither party can make further financial claims in the future.
    • An informal agreement does not protect either party from future legal claims, potentially leading to costly family law disputes.
  • Legal Costs and Timeframe
    • BFAs involve legal costs but provide long-term certainty.
    • Informal agreements may appear cost-effective initially but can lead to expensive court battles later.

Who Should Consider a BFA?

  • Individuals who want a legally enforceable financial agreement that protects assets and prevents future claims.
  • Those involved in complex financial matters, such as property settlements or business ownership, who require legal certainty.

Who Might Rely on an Informal Agreement?

  • Couples who fully trust each other and do not have significant assets or complex financial matters.
  • Individuals who are willing to take the risk that their former partner will honour the agreement without legal enforcement.

Who Can Draft a Binding Financial Agreement in NSW?

Under the Family Law Act, binding financial agreements require independent legal advice. Only accredited family law specialists can draft a legally enforceable agreement.

Importance of Consulting a Family Lawyer

Engaging Sydney family lawyers ensures BFAs comply with the family law process. At Chamberlains, our Family law solicitors provide legal representation in drafting legally enforceable agreements.

Why Engaging the Best Family Lawyers in Sydney Matters

Choosing the right family lawyer ensures:

  • Expert family law experience in financial settlements.
  • Compliance with legal requirements.
  • Specialisation in complex and sensitive areas such as child custody and spousal maintenance.

Legal Requirements and Challenges of a Binding Financial Agreement

For a BFA to be legally enforceable, it must meet the following conditions:

  • Full financial disclosure of assets, financial resources, and liabilities.
  • Independent legal advice from separate family law solicitors.
  • Voluntary agreement without fraud, duress, or undue influence.

Even a properly drafted BFA may be overturned in family law matters involving:

  • Fraud or non-disclosure of assets.
  • Unconscionable conduct.
  • Significant changes in circumstances.

Common Fears About Binding Financial Agreements

Will Signing a BFA Limit My Rights?

A Binding Financial Agreement (BFA) does not take away your legal rights. Instead, it serves as a structured plan to manage financial matters, ensuring both you and your partner make informed decisions regarding property settlement. A well-drafted BFA provides clarity and security within the legal system, helping to avoid lengthy disputes and uncertainty. With the guidance of leading family lawyers, you can ensure that your rights are fully protected while securing financial arrangements that align with your best interests.

Can My Partner Pressure Me into Signing?

A BFA must be entered into voluntarily. If one party is forced, pressured, or misled into signing, the agreement can be challenged and may be declared invalid. The legal system provides strong protections against duress, ensuring that both you and your partner enter the agreement with full awareness and without coercion. Seeking independent legal advice from a reputable legal practice is essential to confirm that the agreement is fair and enforceable.

What Happens if My Financial Situation Changes?

Financial circumstances often evolve due to changes in employment, business success, investments, or unexpected expenses such as child support obligations. A well-structured BFA can include a review clause, allowing modifications to reflect current financial conditions. Without this safeguard, changes may require court intervention, making it crucial to seek legal advice from a family law team with extensive experience in financial settlements. Leading family lawyers can assist in drafting a BFA that remains fair and practical over time.

Will My Partner Think I Don’t Trust Them?

A BFA is not about distrust but about financial clarity and protection. Just as a will or insurance policy safeguards your future, a BFA provides both you and your partner with a clear plan for financial security. Many couples use BFAs to prevent misunderstandings and ensure that financial arrangements are handled fairly in the event of separation. By working with an experienced legal practice, you can create an agreement that strengthens your financial partnership rather than undermining trust.

How to Get Started with a Binding Financial Agreement in NSW

If you are considering a BFA in New South Wales, follow these key steps to ensure it is legally binding and effective.

Seek a Free Consultation with Family Lawyers

Before moving forward, book a free consultation with one of our family lawyers who has extensive experience in drafting binding financial agreements. This will help you understand your rights, obligations, and the legal process involved.

Provide Full Financial Disclosure

Each party must fully disclose their financial circumstances, including assets, liabilities, and income. Incomplete or misleading information can lead to disputes or challenges in court.

Obtain Independent Legal Advice

Both you and your partner must seek independent legal advice from different family lawyers. This ensures that each party understands the implications of the agreement, helping to secure its enforceability.

Engage a Family Law Team for Drafting

A well-drafted BFA requires precise legal language. Choosing our law firm which has a strong track record in family law matters, including property settlement and parenting arrangements, ensures compliance with legal requirements.

Choosing the Right Family Law Firm

Why Experience Matters

Selecting a reputable legal practice is crucial for achieving a fair and enforceable agreement. A leading firm should offer:

  • Extensive experience in financial settlements, child support matters, and parenting arrangements
  • A proven track record in court cases related to property division and financial disputes
  • A transparent approach to family lawyer costs, ensuring clarity around fees and services

Understanding Family Lawyer Costs

Family lawyer costs vary depending on the complexity of the agreement and the level of legal expertise required. It is essential to choose a firm like ours that provides clear, upfront information about legal fees. Many leading family lawyers offer a free consultation, allowing you to understand potential costs before committing to legal services.

Conclusion

A Binding Financial Agreement provides financial security and legal protection at every stage of a relationship. By setting clear expectations, it minimises disputes and ensures both you and your partner are protected under Australian family law.

Consulting the Chamberlains’ family law team provides you with the peace of mind that a binding financial agreement is drafted in accordance with the law, and in a way that best safeguards your rights and financial interests.

On 31 March 2025 Chamberlains Law Firm published an article calling for witnesses who may be able to assist in our investigation into allegations of physical and sexual abuse at Kingswood High School. We’re grateful for those who have responded to our article and we urge anyone with additional information to come forward to assist us with our investigation.

The Abuse Compensation Team at Chamberlains is currently assisting in investigations related to serious allegations of physical and sexual abuse at Kingswood High School NSW. We are urging any individuals who may have witnessed incidents of abuse, or who have information that could assist in these investigations, to come forward. Your voice is crucial in ensuring that those responsible are held accountable.

We understand that speaking out about sensitive matters like this can be difficult, but your testimony may make a significant difference in providing closure and support to those affected. If you are a current or former student, staff member, or have any information related to the situation, we encourage you to reach out in confidence. Your involvement may be instrumental in creating a safer and more supportive environment for everyone.

At Chamberlain Lawyers, we are committed to providing legal support to victims of abuse. Our team has extensive experience in handling sensitive cases, and we are here to ensure your rights are protected. Please don’t hesitate to contact us if you have information that could assist.

We acknowledge the bravery it takes to speak up about historic sexual and physical abuse. Chamberlains Law Firm remains committed to helping survivors of abuse to tell their stories and to fight for fair compensation.

Understanding Casual vs. Permanent Employment in Australia

Understanding the differences between casual and permanent employment in the Australian workforce is increasingly important, particularly in light of the changes to the provisions of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth). The Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) Act provides specific definitions and entitlements for both types of employment, which have significant implications for employers and employees alike.

Casual employees, as defined under section 15A of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth), are typically engaged on an irregular basis and do not have the same entitlements as permanent employees. This distinction is crucial because it affects the rights and obligations of both parties in the employment relationship. For instance, section 123 of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) explicitly states that casual employees, even those employed on a regular and systematic basis, are not entitled to redundancy pay.

The growing importance of understanding these differences is driven by the need for compliance with legal standards and the potential financial implications for businesses. Employers must accurately classify employees to ensure they are providing the correct entitlements and to avoid potential legal disputes.

The evolving workplace laws in Australia have significant implications for both casual and permanent employees, particularly in the context of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) and recent legislative changes. For casual employees, the recent changes and impacts include:

  • Casual Conversion Rights: Amendments to the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) have introduced provisions for casual conversion, allowing eligible casual employees to request a transition to permanent employment. This change aims to provide greater job security for casual workers who have been employed on a regular and systematic basis.
  • Definition: The definition of a casual employee has been clarified, focusing on the absence of a firm advance commitment to continuing and indefinite work.

Employment lawyers play a crucial role in helping employees navigate the complexities of the changing landscape regarding casual and full-time employment. Here are several ways which Chamberlains Law Firm can assist:

  • Understanding Rights and Entitlements: Chamberlains Law Firm can provide clarity on the rights and entitlements of casual and full-time employees under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth).
  • Casual Conversion: With recent changes allowing casual employees to convert to permanent positions, the Workplace Team at Chamberlains can guide employees through the process, ensuring they meet eligibility criteria and understand the implications of conversion.
  • Contract Review and Negotiation: The Workplace Team can review employment contracts to ensure they comply with current laws and accurately reflect the employee’s status. We can also assist in negotiating terms that are more favourable or in line with the employee’s needs.
  • Dispute Resolution: In cases of disputes over employment status or entitlements, Chamberlains Law Firm can represent employees in negotiations or legal proceedings, helping to resolve issues effectively.
  • Advising on Legal Changes: As workplace laws evolve, Chamberlains Law Firm can advise employees on how these changes impact their employment status and rights.

By providing expert legal advice and representation, Chamberlains Law Firm’s Workplace Team assists both employees and employers in making informed decisions and protecting their interests in a dynamic employment environment.

Casual & Permanent Employment

These are some key distinctions between casual and full-time employment contracts and their contents:

Casual Employees
  1. Contracts: Casual employment contracts typically do not guarantee regular hours of work or a firm advancement to continuing work. They are often flexible, allowing employers to adjust hours based on business needs.
  2. Entitlements:
    • Casual Loading: Casual employees receive a loading (usually 25%) on their hourly wage to compensate for the lack of paid leave and other entitlements.
    • No Paid Leave: Casual employees are not entitled to paid annual leave or personal/carer’s leave.
    • No Redundancy Pay: Under section 123 of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth), casual employees, even those employed on a regular and systematic basis, are not entitled to redundancy pay.
    • Flexible Work Hours: Casual employees may have varying work hours and are not guaranteed a set number of hours each week.
Permanent Employees
  1. Contracts: Permanent employment contracts typically include a set number of hours per week and provide job security with ongoing employment.
  2. Entitlements:
    • Paid Leave: Permanent employees are entitled to paid annual leave, personal/carer’s leave, and other types of leave as specified in the National Employment Standards.
    • Redundancy Pay: Permanent employees are entitled to redundancy pay if their position is made redundant, subject to certain conditions.
    • Notice of Termination: Permanent employees are entitled to a notice period or payment in lieu of notice upon termination of employment.

These differences highlight the importance of correctly classifying employees. Correctly classification is crucial for several reasons. Misclassification can lead to breaches of legal requirements and the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth), resulting in penalties and legal action. Incorrect classification can also result in significant financial liabilities for employers, including back payment of wages, entitlements, and potential fines. For example, if a casual employee is misclassified as a permanent employee, the employer may be liable for unpaid leave entitlements. Misclassification can also lead to disputes between employers and employees over entitlements and working conditions. These disputes can escalate to legal proceedings, which are costly and time-consuming.

Key Benefits and Disadvantages of Casual & Permanent Employment

 

Casual Employment Full-Time Employment
Flexibility Offers flexible work hours, allowing for work-life balance. Provides job security with regular, predictable hours.
Remuneration Includes a casual loading, often resulting in a higher hourly rate. Entitled to a stable salary with potential for added benefits.
Variety Opportunity to work in different roles and industries. Potential to work for more than one employer. Consistent role and responsibilities. Generally unable to engage in secondary employment.
Immediate Income Paid for each hour worked, with no deductions for leave. Regular income with paid leave entitlements.
Job Security No guarantee of ongoing work or regular hours. Less flexibility in work hours and location. Greater job security.
Paid Leave Not entitled to paid leave (annual, sick, etc.) Entitled to various types of paid leave including annual leave and sick leave.
Income Income can vary significantly from week to week depending on hours worked. Stable income with predictable pay periods.
Redundancy Not entitled to redundancy pay. Eligible for redundancy pay.
Career Development Fewer opportunities for career advancement and training. More opportunities for career growth and professional development.

Legal Protections for Casual Employees

Casual employees are not protected from unfair dismissal unless they are able to prove that they are a regular and systematic employee. However, casual employees are protected from adverse action and if they experience adverse action for exercising their workplace rights, they are entitled to bring a general protections claim before the Fair Work Commission.

If you believe you have been subject to adverse action or are a regular and systematic casual employee who has been unfairly dismissed, please reach out to Chamberlains Law Firm Workplace Law Team to discuss your next steps.

Rights to Convert From Casual to Permanent Employment

Employees and Employers should be aware that the casual conversion pathways have changed. From 26 February 2025 (and from 26 August 2025 for small businesses) eligible casuals can issue a notice to convert to permanent employment through the employee choice pathway under the National Employment Standards.

Employees who have been employed for at least 6 months (or 12 months if employed by a small business) will be able to notify their employer of their intention to change to permanent employment. These employees may also request casual conversion if they believe they no longer meet the requirements of the casual employee definition. The request for conversion must be made in writing to the employer.

Employers must note that employees cannot request to become a permanent employee if they:

  • Are currently engaged in an ongoing dispute with their employer about casual conversion: or
  • In the last six months:
    • Their employer refused a previous notification; or
    • They have resolved a dispute with their employer about casual conversion

Employers in response to a request for casual conversion must:

  • Begin consultation with the employee and inform them of the changes that will occur once becoming a permanent employee; and
  • Respond in 21 days to the request either accepting or rejecting the change.

If a dispute arises regarding converting from casual to full-time employment and this dispute has not been resolved at the workplace level, an application can be made to the Fair Work Commission to deal with the dispute. Chamberlains Law Firm are experienced advocates and can assist you in the Fair Work Commission and with the casual conversion process.

Conclusion

Understanding the differences between casual and permanent employment in the Australian workforce is increasingly important, particularly in light of the provisions of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth). The growing importance of understanding these differences is driven by the need for compliance with the law in order to best protect both the employer and employee. In a forever shifting employment landscape, Chamberlains Law Firm is with you. The Workplace Team are available to advise, represent and protect your rights and interests. Reach out to the Workplace Team today!

The Current Environment of DPNs

The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) is continuing its firmer recovery action subsequent to the COVID-19 Period in 2025, and seeking to recover a previously reported $34 billion in taxation debt from the SME sector.

It is now as important as ever for Directors, accountants and advisors to be aware of a Director’s personal exposure by way of a Director Penalty Notice (DPN), one of the suite of recovery mechanisms available to the ATO.

It has been reported that the ATO issued 26,702 DPNs covering corporate debt totalling approximately $4.4 billion in the financial year ended 30 June 2024. Similarly, the ATO’s enforcement efforts through other means, such as winding up applications and garnishee orders, have increased.


What is a Director Penalty Notice (DPN)?

A DPN is a notice issued by the ATO, pursuant to Division 269 of Schedule 1 of the Taxation Administration Act 1953 (Cth) (“the TA Act”), to a Director that may make them personally liable for outstanding company taxation liabilities.

The relevant company taxation liabilities a Director can be made personally liable by the ATO for include:

  1. Goods and Services Tax (GST), including Luxury Car Tax (LCT) and Wine Equalisation Tax (WET);
  2. Pay as you Go Withholding Tax (PAYG); and Superannuation Guarantee Charges (SGC).

Ignoring a DPN can have significant consequences for Directors, with the possibility that they become personally liable for the outstanding taxation liabilities, allowing the ATO to seek recovery and enforcement by them against the Director in their personal capacity.


Types of DPNs

There are two types of DPN that the ATO can issue to directors, being the following:

Non-Lockdown DPN

The non-lockdown DPN is issuable by the ATO in circumstances where the company has lodged its taxation lodgements within the prescribed periods (generally three months after the actual due date), however the associated liability remains unpaid.

A non-lockdown DPN provides a Director with a period of 21 days (NB, calendar days) for compliance by taking one of the following steps:

  1. Paying the debt in full;
  2. Appointing a Voluntary Administrator;

Failure to comply with one of the above steps will result in the Director being personally liable for the amount associated with the non-lockdown DPN.


Lockdown DPN

The lockdown DPN can be issued by the ATO for company debts if a company has failed to lodge the required return within the specified timeframes (again generally three months after the actual due date), and the associated liability remains outstanding

The only option available to a Director and company to deal with a lockdown DPN is to pay the debt in full.


Defences to a DPN

Division 269-35 of the TA Act provides certain defences to a Director in receipt of a DPN. These defences are summarised as follows:

  1. The Director did not take part (or it would have been unreasonable to expect them to take part) in the management of the company during the relevant period because of illness or some other good reason;
  2. The Director took all reasonable steps for the company to meet its tax obligations;
  • The Director took all reasonable steps to appoint an external administrator (i.e. Voluntary Administrator, Small Business Restructuring Practitioner or Liquidator) to the Company.


What to do about a DPN?

If you receive a Director Penalty Notice from the ATO, it is important to consider your personal exposure and risk as soon as possible.

We recommend contacting your professional advisors (which may include accountants, business advisors and solicitors) as a matter of urgency, to ensure any personal exposure can be considered, a commercially-sound strategy developed, and appropriate steps undertaken within any DPN timeframe.

If you need legal advice concerning your exposure to a DPN (or potential exposure) and the appropriate strategy moving forward, please contact insolvency lawyers at Chamberlains Law Firm. We’re with you.

How Perth Family Law Firms Help with Divorce, Parenting and Property Matters

This article outlines the services and benefits of working with family law firms in Perth, including expert guidance on divorce, child custody, property settlements, and dispute resolution to help clients navigate complex legal challenges.

Introduction: The Value of Professional Support in Family Law

Family law issues in Western Australia can be stressful and legally demanding.

Family lawyers in Perth offer essential expertise to help clients navigate these challenges effectively.

A family breakdown is emotionally taxing, often involving disputes over children, finances, and safety. During this time, compassionate and informed legal guidance is essential. The Chamberlains WA family law team provides the expertise and support required to navigate separation-related issues.

Understanding the Role of Family Lawyers in Legal Disputes

The Role of Family Lawyers in Parenting Disputes

WA family lawyers must ensure the best interests of the child under the Family Law Act. A good practitioner will assist with negotiating parenting arrangements, preparing for mediation, and resolving disputes before litigation. Lawyers must attempt to settle matters outside of court where appropriate.

Whether the separation is amicable or high-conflict, WA family lawyers help formalise arrangements and protect the safety of parents and children. The Chamberlains team provides experienced and sensitive representation for all kinds of custody matters.

The Role of Family Lawyers in Property and Financial Disputes

In WA, property settlements are governed by the Family Law Act (for marriages) and the Family Court Act 1997 (WA) (for de facto couples). The aim is to achieve a just and equitable division of assets based on contributions and future needs. Non-financial contributions, including homemaking, are recognised.

Full and frank financial disclosure is required. Your lawyer will prepare a balance sheet, analyse contributions, and consider future needs to negotiate a fair settlement.

Should litigation be required, your WA family lawyer will protect your legal and equitable interests in matrimonial or de facto property.

Key Services Offered by Perth Family Lawyers

Divorce and Separation

  • Assistance with WA divorce applications.
  • Advice on post-separation parenting and financial arrangements.

Parenting Arrangements (Child Custody)

  • Drafting parenting plans and consent orders.
  • Representation in parenting proceedings in the Family Court of Western Australia.
  • Child-focused advice with your interests protected.

Property and Financial Settlements

  • Ensuring fair division of assets and liabilities.
  • Drafting Binding Financial Agreements.
  • Assistance with WA-specific property settlement procedures.

Benefits of Working with Experienced Family Lawyers in WA

Tailored Legal Advice

  • Chamberlains provides personalised advice sensitive to your circumstances.
  • Our lawyers are experienced in WA-specific family law processes.

Support Through Mediation and Dispute Resolution

  • Skilled representation in mediation and negotiation.
  • Focus on resolving disputes respectfully and efficiently.

Advocacy in Court

  • Strong representation in the Family Court of Western Australia.

What to Look for When Choosing a Family Law Firm in Perth

  • WA family law expertise
  • Compassionate and supportive approach
  • Strong communication

Conclusion

Family lawyers in WA, including Chamberlains, provide vital support during family breakdowns. We offer guidance on parenting disputes, property settlements, and financial issues, ensuring fair outcomes while prioritising wellbeing. With extensive experience in mediation, settlement negotiations, and court advocacy, our team offers both legal expertise and compassionate assistance.

Working with a Brisbane Family Law Firm: Services and Support During Separation

This article outlines the services and benefits of working with family law firms in Brisbane, including expert guidance on divorce, child custody, property settlements, and dispute resolution to help clients navigate complex legal challenges.

  1. Introduction: The Value of Professional Support in Family Law

Family law issues are emotionally challenging and legally complex, requiring expert support.

Family lawyers in Queensland provide the guidance needed to navigate legal issues effectively.

A family breakdown can be overwhelming and distressing. The disputes that arise—parenting, finances, or safety concerns—often extend beyond the legal sphere. During such a highly emotional period, it is important to have compassionate legal representation. The Chamberlains QLD family law team provides the expertise and support required to navigate the legal issues that arise during separation.

  1. Understanding the Role of Family Lawyers in Legal Disputes

The Role of Family Lawyers in Parenting Disputes

Family lawyers must ensure that children’s best interests remain paramount in all Queensland parenting matters. A skilled practitioner will guide you through organising post-separation parenting arrangements, assist with mediation, and negotiate settlement proposals. Lawyers must attempt to resolve parenting matters out of court where appropriate under the Family Law Act.

A family lawyer may be instructed to formalise an amicable parenting arrangement or, in high-conflict situations, to protect the safety of you and your children. Having a lawyer experienced in QLD child custody matters ensures sensitivity and competence. The Chamberlains team embodies both professional experience and genuine understanding of the emotional nature of these disputes.

The Role of Family Lawyers in Property and Financial Disputes

Property settlements in QLD are governed by the Family Law Act and aim to achieve a just and equitable division of property. The FCFCOA considers financial and non-financial contributions as well as future needs.

Parties must provide full and frank financial disclosure, including all relevant documentation. Your QLD family lawyer will prepare a balance sheet, analyse contributions, and consider future needs to negotiate a fair settlement.

Your lawyer ensures that disclosure obligations are met and protects your financial interests. If litigation becomes necessary, your lawyer will advocate for a fair division of assets based on contributions and needs.

  1. Key Services Offered by Brisbane Family Lawyers

Divorce and Separation

  • Assistance with divorce applications in the FCFCOA.
  • Legal advice regarding post-separation financial and parenting arrangements.

Parenting Arrangements (Child Custody)

  • Drafting parenting plans and consent orders.
  • Expertise in FCFCOA parenting proceedings, including mediation and negotiation.
  • Child-centred legal advice with your interests safeguarded.

Property and Financial Settlements

  • Ensuring fair division of assets and liabilities.
  • Drafting Binding Financial Agreements for private settlements.
  • Representation in property settlement negotiations or court proceedings.
  1. Benefits of Working with Experienced Family Lawyers in Queensland

Tailored Legal Advice

  • Chamberlains’ QLD team understands the legal and personal complexities of your situation.
  • We offer personalised guidance grounded in legal expertise.

Support Through Mediation and Dispute Resolution

  • Assistance through mediation to achieve efficient and respectful outcomes.
  • Skilled negotiation to minimise conflict and stress.

Advocacy in Court

  • Strong courtroom representation for QLD family law proceedings.
  1. What to Look for When Choosing a Family Law Firm in Brisbane
  • Expertise in QLD family law
  • Compassionate approach
  • Clear communication
  1. Conclusion

Family lawyers in Queensland, such as Chamberlains, provide essential guidance during separation. We assist with parenting disputes, property settlements, and financial arrangements, ensuring fair outcomes while prioritising wellbeing and safety. With extensive mediation, negotiation, and court experience, our team provides both legal skill and compassionate support.